Psoriasis is a quite common and chronic skin condition that plagues many individuals worldwide. Referred to as an autoimmune condition, psoriasis occurs when skin cells grow about 5 times faster than normal. A malfunction within the immune system causes these new cells to form rapidly without giving the body ample time to shed the excess. This process results in cells piling on top of each other on the surface of the skin and creating lesions. Doctors, researchers and individuals who suffer from the condition are constantly wondering what causes psoriasis in order to better understand the disease and its treatment options.

Various forms of psoriasis exist but all forms encompass thick, scaly patches of skin that range in color. Inflammation and dryness also accompany the irritating patches. The elbows and knees are two of the most commonly affected areas; however, the lower back, scalp and fingernails can also suffer from the condition. Although a distinctive cause of psoriasis remains a mystery, there are several categories of potential causes and triggers that seem to explain flare-ups of the disease.

Abnormalities of the immune system are the most common causes of psoriasis. A mistakenly triggered immune system leads to over active T-cells, or white blood cells. These cells then overgrow and attack areas of irritated skin. This malfunctioning immune system will actually promote the rapid growth of cells and inflammation of the psoriasis patches.

There also seem to be genetic causes that can lead to the development of this skin condition. Any mutation of a gene within the body can cause certain cells to function abnormally or different than intended. Researchers have discovered 9 specific gene mutations that may be involved with psoriasis. Specifically, a mutation involving chromosome 6 has been discovered as a significant factor for potentially developing the disease.

Several triggers have also been shown to increase flare-ups or worsen psoriasis in those who suffer from the condition. Different types of infections, whether bacterial or viral can affect the severity of psoriasis outbreaks. Stress can also intensify and lengthen flare-ups. Certain drugs may also negatively impact psoriasis. These include beta-blockers, bi-polar medications and a few anti-inflammatory drugs. Although the use of corticosteroids actually improves the skin condition, individuals who taper off the drug or suddenly discontinue its use will experience a severe flare-up.

Weather seems to have a strong effect on psoriasis. Long exposure to direct sunlight seems to increase the rash while the cold, dry weather of winter can have the same effect. Injuries to the skin can cause psoriasis to develop and this is known as the Koebner Phenomenon. Injuries like abrasions and areas of friction caused by skin folds or tightly fitting clothing can lead to the development of scaly patches of skin. These patches normally develop within 6 weeks of the injury.

Although, no one specific cause has been identified as the root of psoriasis development, individuals do have some insight as to the potential factors and triggers that may affect the disease. Consulting a medical professional and seeking proper treatment will help lessen the effects of this cosmetically and physically irritating condition.